Isaiah 48:4 “For I knew that you are stubborn; your neck is iron and your forehead…”

Isaiah 48:4

For I knew that you are stubborn; your neck is iron and your forehead is bronze.

Berean Standard Bible

Other translations

King James Version

Because I knew that thou art obstinate, and thy neck is an iron sinew, and thy brow brass;

World English Bible

Because I knew that you are obstinate, and your neck is an iron sinew, and your brow bronze;

American Standard Version

Because I knew that thou art obstinate, and thy neck is an iron sinew, and thy brow brass;

Geneva Bible 1599

Because I knewe, that thou art obstinate, and thy necke is an yron sinew, and thy brow brasse,

Darby Translation

Because I knew that thou art obstinate, and thy neck is an iron sinew, and thy brow brass,

Young's Literal Translation

From my knowing that thou art obstinate, And a sinew of iron thy neck, And thy forehead brass,

Bible in Basic English

Because I saw that your heart was hard, and that your neck was an iron cord, and your brow brass;

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Cross references

“I knew”

Psalm 78:8 Isaiah 46:12 Zechariah 7:11 Zechariah 7:12

Psalm 78:8 · BSB

Then they will not be like their fathers, a stubborn and rebellious generation, whose heart was not loyal, whose spirit was not faithful to God.

Isaiah 46:12 · BSB

Listen to Me, you stubborn people, far removed from righteousness:

Zechariah 7:11 · BSB

But they refused to pay attention and turned a stubborn shoulder; they stopped up their ears from hearing.

Zechariah 7:12 · BSB

They made their hearts like flint and would not listen to the law or to the words that the LORD of Hosts had sent by His Spirit through the earlier prophets. Therefore great anger came from the LORD of Hosts.

“obstinate”

Romans 2:5 Jeremiah 5:3 Daniel 5:20 Hebrews 3:13 Ezekiel 3:4–7

Romans 2:5 · BSB

But because of your hard and unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath against yourself for the day of wrath, when God’s righteous judgment will be revealed.

Jeremiah 5:3 · BSB

O LORD, do not Your eyes look for truth? You struck them, but they felt no pain. You finished them off, but they refused to accept discipline. They have made their faces harder than stone and refused to repent.

Daniel 5:20 · BSB

But when his heart became arrogant and his spirit was hardened with pride, he was deposed from his royal throne, and his glory was taken from him.

Hebrews 3:13 · BSB

But exhort one another daily, as long as it is called today, so that none of you may be hardened by sin’s deceitfulness.

Ezekiel 3:4–7 · BSB

Then He said to me, “Son of man, go now to the house of Israel and speak My words to them.

“and they”

Acts 7:51 Exodus 32:9 Proverbs 29:1 Jeremiah 19:15 Deuteronomy 31:27 Exodus 33:5

Acts 7:51 · BSB

You stiff-necked people with uncircumcised hearts and ears! You always resist the Holy Spirit, just as your fathers did.

Exodus 32:9 · BSB

The LORD also said to Moses, “I have seen this people, and they are indeed a stiff-necked people.

Proverbs 29:1 · BSB

A man who remains stiff-necked after much reproof will suddenly be shattered beyond recovery.

Jeremiah 19:15 · BSB

“This is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says: ‘Behold, I am about to bring on this city and on all the villages around it every disaster I have pronounced against them, because they have stiffened their necks…

Deuteronomy 31:27 · BSB

For I know how rebellious and stiff-necked you are. If you are already rebelling against the LORD while I am still alive, how much more will you rebel after my death!

Exodus 33:5 · BSB

For the LORD had said to Moses, “Tell the Israelites, ‘You are a stiff-necked people. If I should go with you for a single moment, I would destroy you. Now take off your jewelry, and I will decide what to do with you.’”

“thy brow”

Jeremiah 3:3 Ezekiel 3:7–9

Jeremiah 3:3 · BSB

Therefore the showers have been withheld, and no spring rains have fallen. Yet you have the brazen look of a prostitute; you refuse to be ashamed.

Ezekiel 3:7–9 · BSB

But the house of Israel will be unwilling to listen to you, since they are unwilling to listen to Me. For the whole house of Israel is hard-headed and hard-hearted.

Cross references adapted from OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0) and the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge.

In context

3I foretold the former things long ago; they came out of My mouth and I proclaimed them. Suddenly I acted, and they came to pass.

5Therefore I declared it to you long ago; I announced it before it came to pass, so that you could not claim, ‘My idol has done this; my carved image and molten god has ordained it.’

Read Isaiah 48